Dialogue

Vocabulary (Review)

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Lesson Notes

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Lesson Transcript

INTRODUCTION
Eric: Hi everyone, and welcome back to TurkishClass101.com. This is Intermediate Season 1 Lesson 13 - It's Time for Some Turkish Retail Therapy! Eric Here.
Selin: Merhaba, I'm Selin.
Eric: In this lesson, you’ll be introduced to gerunds. The conversation takes place at work.
Selin: It's between Ozge and Alice.
Eric: The speakers are co-workers; therefore, they’ll speak informal Turkish. Okay, let's listen to the conversation.
DIALOGUE
Alice: Hafta sonu ne yaptın?
Özge: Vitrinlere bakarak saatlerce oyalandım.
Alice: Pardon, "oyalanmak" ne demek?
Özge: Sıkıntı, üzüntü veya stresten kaçmak için boş zaman geçirmek, bir şeylerle uğraşmak demek.
Alice: Anladım. Başıboş gezerek beklemek gibi mi?
Özge: Evet. Başıboş gezmek gündelik dilde kullanılır. Deyim gibi.
Alice: Tamam. Peki neden? Canın bir şeye mi sıkıldı?
Özge: Sorma... Cuma günü kardeşim ağlaya ağlaya eve geldi. Üstüne, musluk bozulmuş, sular aka aka banyonun her tarafını berbat etmiş.
Alice: Off çok kötü olmuş. Nasıl halledeceksin?
Özge: Bugün izin aldım. Hava kararmadan eve gideceğim. Tamirci gelecek.
Alice: Kolay gelsin. Zor iş.
Özge: Evet. Dün o kadar temizlik yaptığım halde, bitiremedim.
Eric: Listen to the conversation one time slowly.
Alice: Hafta sonu ne yaptın?
Özge: Vitrinlere bakarak saatlerce oyalandım.
Alice: Pardon, "oyalanmak" ne demek?
Özge: Sıkıntı, üzüntü veya stresten kaçmak için boş zaman geçirmek, bir şeylerle uğraşmak demek.
Alice: Anladım. Başıboş gezerek beklemek gibi mi?
Özge: Evet. Başıboş gezmek gündelik dilde kullanılır. Deyim gibi.
Alice: Tamam. Peki neden? Canın bir şeye mi sıkıldı?
Özge: Sorma... Cuma günü kardeşim ağlaya ağlaya eve geldi. Üstüne, musluk bozulmuş, sular aka aka banyonun her tarafını berbat etmiş.
Alice: Off çok kötü olmuş. Nasıl halledeceksin?
Özge: Bugün izin aldım. Hava kararmadan eve gideceğim. Tamirci gelecek.
Alice: Kolay gelsin. Zor iş.
Özge: Evet. Dün o kadar temizlik yaptığım halde, bitiremedim.
Eric: Listen to the conversation with the English translation.
Alice: What did you do last weekend?
Ozge: I hung around window shopping for hours.
Alice: Sorry, what does "oyalanmak" mean?
Ozge: It means to hang around or to distract yourself in order to ward off boredom or sadness.
Alice: Got it. Like waiting for something to happen and wandering around.
Ozge: Exactly. "Başıboş gezmek" is slang, more like an idiomatic expression.
Alice: OK. And why? Were you feeling down for some reason?
Ozge: Ah don't even ask... My brother came home crying his heart out on Friday. What is more is that our water pipes are broken. Water kept flowing in and ruined my bathroom.
Alice: Ah sounds bad. How will you handle it?
Ozge: I took the day off. I'll go home before dark. The repairman will have a look at it.
Alice: Take it easy. Sounds hard.
Ozge: Yup, yesterday, no matter how much cleaning I did, I couldn't get it fully done.
POST CONVERSATION BANTER
Eric: Well, that conversation started out nicely enough, and then we heard about the broken water pipes.
Selin: Yeah, that sounds like a nightmare! It’s especially rough if you own the house and have to repair things yourself.
Eric: But, a lot of people live in apartments, right?
Selin: Right. If you move into a new apartment block in Turkey, you should expect to talk to your neighbours. They’ll be very curious about you!
Eric: Do people greet each other and stop for short chats when they see their neighbours?
Selin: Yes, they do. It’s important to be friendly with your neighbours.
Eric: How are apartment blocks maintained?
Selin: Usually there are monthly meetings to discuss topics that affect the block, such as maintenance or parking.
Eric: Is there an apartment manager on hand?
Selin: Someone is elected each year to look after these meetings. Each apartment block also usually has a kapıcı.
Eric: What’s that?
Selin: It’s a “doorman” who lives there with their family, cleans up the block, and will even run small errands for you.
Eric: Okay, now onto the vocab.
VOCAB LIST
Eric: Let’s take a look at the vocabulary from this lesson. The first word is...
Selin: oyalanmak [natural native speed]
Eric: to hang around
Selin: oyalanmak[slowly - broken down by syllable]
Selin: oyalanmak [natural native speed]
Eric: Next we have...
Selin: sıkıntı [natural native speed]
Eric: discomfort
Selin: sıkıntı[slowly - broken down by syllable]
Selin: sıkıntı [natural native speed]
Eric: Next we have...
Selin: üzüntü [natural native speed]
Eric: sadness
Selin: üzüntü[slowly - broken down by syllable]
Selin: üzüntü [natural native speed]
Eric: Next we have...
Selin: uğraşmak [natural native speed]
Eric: to strive, to deal with
Selin: uğraşmak[slowly - broken down by syllable]
Selin: uğraşmak [natural native speed]
Eric: Next we have...
Selin: beklemek [natural native speed]
Eric: to wait
Selin: beklemek[slowly - broken down by syllable]
Selin: beklemek [natural native speed]
Eric: Next we have...
Selin: bozulmak [natural native speed]
Eric: to break down
Selin: bozulmak[slowly - broken down by syllable]
Selin: bozulmak [natural native speed]
Eric: And next...
Selin: ağlamak [natural native speed]
Eric: to cry
Selin: ağlamak[slowly - broken down by syllable]
Selin: ağlamak [natural native speed]
Eric: And next...
Selin: akmak [natural native speed]
Eric: to flow
Selin: akmak[slowly - broken down by syllable]
Selin: akmak [natural native speed]
Eric: Next we have...
Selin: halletmek [natural native speed]
Eric: to get something done, to figure out
Selin: halletmek [slowly - broken down by syllable]
Selin: halletmek [natural native speed]
Eric: And last...
Selin: kararmak [natural native speed]
Eric: to get dark, to darken
Selin: kararmak [slowly - broken down by syllable]
Selin: kararmak [natural native speed]
KEY VOCAB AND PHRASES
Eric: Let's have a closer look at the usage of some of the words and phrases from this lesson. The first phrase is...
Selin: canı sıkılmak
Eric: meaning "to be bored, to be annoyed." What can you tell us about this phrase?
Selin: This is an idiom. canı means “one’s own life,” and sıkılmak means “to be bored.”
Eric: So together it means “to be bored.”
Selin: Yes, can is a noun, and sıkılmak is a verb in nominative form.
Eric: When’s this idiom used?
Selin: It’s used in everyday conversation. It can be used in both formal and informal situations.
Eric: Can you give us an example using this word?
Selin: Sure. For example, you can say, Öğretmeni onu herkesin önünde azarlayınca canı sıkıldı.
Eric: ...which means "When his/her teacher scolded him/her in front of everyone, he/she was annoyed."
Eric: Okay, what's the next phrase?
Selin: başıboş gezmek
Eric: meaning "to ramble." This is another idiom.
Selin: It’s composed of a compound adjective meaning "idle" and gezmek, which means "to travel" in nominative form.
Eric: What about the first word?
Selin: This is composed of baş meaning "head" and boş meaning "empty." It literally means “airhead.”
Eric: How’s this idiom used?
Selin: It can be used to describe someone who wastes their time by doing nothing, or it can mean unattended.
Eric: Can you give us an example using this word?
Selin: Sure. For example, you can say, Türkiye'de bir çok terk edilmiş sokak köpeği başıboş gezer.
Eric: ...which means "In Turkey, a lot of abandoned, stray dogs ramble around on the streets."
Eric: Okay, what's the next phrase?
Selin: berbat etmek
Eric: meaning "to mess up, to ruin." What can you tell us about this phrase?
Selin: This is the adjective berbat, meaning “appalling,” and etmek meaning “to do.”
Eric: Together, it means “to mess up something.”
Selin: This phrase is often used with Turkish idioms and proverbs. It’s best in informal situations because it’s negative and slang-like.
Eric: How’s it used with idioms and proverbs?
Selin: An example is the phrase Bir çuval inciri berbat ettin.
Eric: "You upset the applecart." Can you give us an example using this word?
Selin: Sure. For example, you can say, Sürpriz doğum günü partisini ağzımdan kaçırdığım için herşeyi berbat ettim.
Eric: ...which means "The surprise birthday party plan just slipped through my mouth, and I ruined everything."
Eric: Okay, now onto the lesson focus.

Lesson focus

Eric: In this lesson, you'll learn about gerunds.
Eric: In English, gerunds are verbs that don’t act as verbs. For example, “swimming” in the sentence “I like swimming.” What are they in Turkish?
Selin: They come from verbs and are conjugated. They act as adverbs in a sentence.
Eric: The gerund itself doesn’t conjugate.
Selin: It doesn’t have personal pronoun suffixes either and is the complement of the sentence.
Eric: So it’s different to a verbal adjective or a participle.
Selin: They have a more varied set of meanings and semantic uses compared to verbal adjectives too.
Eric: What are these semantic uses?
Selin: There are five, and they’re all listed in the Lesson Notes. But for this lesson, we’ll concentrate on ‘Gerunds of State,’ or ‘Concordant Gerunds’ as they’re also known.
Eric: How do we make these concordant gerunds?
Selin: They use certain suffixes, which are also listed in the lesson notes.
Eric: For now, let’s look at some examples. Let’s take the verb “to see.”
Selin: The infinitive form of the verb is bakmak. We can add the suffix -arak to make it into the gerund bakarak.
Eric: Which can be translated to as “while looking.” How about the verb “to go?”
Selin: The infinitive form of the verb is gitmek. We can add the suffix -ken to make it into the gerund giderken.
Eric: Which means “along the way.” Let’s try one last one - “to give.”
Selin: The infinitive form of this one is vermek. We can add the suffix -meden to make it into the gerund vermeden.
Eric: Which means “without a break.”
Selin: We can also make gerunds negative. For example, bakarak, which means “while looking,” becomes bakmayarak.
Eric: “While not looking.”
Selin: Typically a gerund is added after the subject of the sentence and can be followed by as many objects as you want.
Eric: Let’s hear a couple of example sentences.
Selin: Arkadaşımla eskilerden konuşarak uzun süre yürüdük.
Eric: “We walked with my friend for a long time while speaking about the old times.”
Selin: Mert, bana söz verdiği halde nikaha katılmadı.
Eric: “Mert did not attend the engagement ceremony although he had promised me.”

Outro

Eric: Okay, that’s all for this lesson. Thank you for listening everyone, and we’ll see you next time! Bye!
Selin: Güle güle.

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